The process for these repairs goes like this:

The damaged area of the road (pothole) is cut from its rigid circle into an even square or rectangle and cleaned of any debris and must be moisture-free.
Once the area is fully prepped, the crew will begin spraying the pothole with a tack coact of binder into the pothole covering the surface area.
Before the binder can dry, the repair crew will quickly fill the pothole with the asphalt in 4-inch layers (for potholes deeper than 6 inches)
After the area is filled with asphalt, it must be compacted with a large roller or vibratory plate compactor.